IN GÖKÇEBEY (TURKEY)
GÖKÇEBEY SECONDARY SCHOOL
SCHOOLS IN CAZORLA (SPAIN):
IES CASTILLO DE LA YEDRA
CP VIRGEN DE LA CABEZA
CP SAN ISICIO
CP LA IRUELA
Viper, víbora, yılan
Viper latastei - Vipera ammodytes
Eating habits
Vipers feed on rodents, reptiles, small birds or invertebrates that catch and kill by nailing their fangs and injecting them with their powerful poison.
Habitat. They live in rocky areas, forests, dark areas. In spain they are usually in high mountains.
Description
Vipers are poisonous snakes. They are around 60 cm long. They are grey and have a darker zigzag line along its body. Its head is trinagular s and it has elliptical pupils.
Special habits
They are intimidated not only by their gaze, but by their deadly and very strong poison. It is in fact considered the most strong poison among all poisonous animals living in Europe.
Reproduction
They are oviparous. Females lay from 2 to 13 eggs. After the eggs have grown for a while, the snakes hatch. They repr oduce every three years or so.
People's opinion
The viper is well known in Cazorla. It has a look that could leave anyone frozen by panic.
Habitat: It lives in mountainous areas and makes its nest in high cliffs.
Bearded Vulture, Quebrantahuesos, Sakallı akbaba (Gypaetus Barbatus)
Description:
The bearded vulture is a bird of prey. It is 1 metre long with a wingspan of 3 metres. It has got black and white feathers and a black beard.
Eating Habits:
This animal is a scavenger, It feeds on animal carcasses. It eats bones, only bones. It catches the bone and then throws it against the ground to break it. Then it eats it.
Living habits
They live up to 40 years. They are the only birds that feed on bones. They scream a high-pitched sound. The bearded vulture makes its nest with wool from sheep.
Reproduction
These animals are oviparous. They breed by laying eggs from December to February. The incubation period is for 50 to 60 days.
Other interesting features
This animal generally intrigues humans. It is very special and important in Cazorla and Spain. In the past there were many bearded vultures, but they disappeared. Now they are trying to raise it in captivity to be released to the wild.
Eating habits
They eat nectar of the flowers and drink water from the plants.
Butterfly Vanessa cardui (Göckçebey) Graelsia isabellae (Cazorla)
Description
The butterfly is an invertebrate flying insect. It is 9 centimetres wingspan and it is very beautiful. It is green and has colourful spots and brown lines on its wings.
Habitat
The butterfly lives in the pine forests with Pinus nigra from 800 to 2000 metres of altitude.
Reproduction
They reproduce sexually. Females lay about 100 eggs on pine needles. Caterpillars feed with these pine leaves.
Living habits and other interesting features
In Spain they fly at night in May and June, and they are attracted by light. In Turkey they migrate from Red Sea basin to Turkey in Spring. Butterflies can fly only if their body temperature is hot enough. They generally live 7-10 days.
Taste buds settle on his feet.
People’s opinion
People like them because of their colors and because they are beautiful.
Honey Bee Apis Mellifera
Bees are hard-working insects. They are 9'2 cm wide. Their wings are thin and transparent and on their heads there are antennae to smell and locate flowers. They have six legs. They are yellow and black.
They eat pollen and nectar of flowers.
Description
Eating Habits
In Gökçebey they live in forests and hives.
In Cazorla they live in places with flowers.
Habitat
Mating begins when a queen bee flies to a site where thousands of male bees are waiting for her.Then the queen lays eggs in the cells of the honeycomb.The unfertilized eggs will be drones, while the fertilized eggs will develop into worked bees or queens.
Reproduction
Each honey bee colony has its own scent, and they can find their own colonies in this way.They are afraid of water
It helps them pollinate their flowers and consequently to the conservation of biodiversity and their ecosystems.
Other interesting features
People think bees are very important because they produce a delicious honey.People like bees but they are afraid of them because of their stings.
People's Opinion
Salamander Salamandra
Salamander salamander
DESCRIPTION
The common salamander is an amphibian. It has a robust body about 25 to 30 cm in length. His body is black with orange spots. They have got smooth skin. Females are larger than males. They have a long tail.
Habitat
in Gökçebey they live in rocky regions, but in Spain they live in mountains and streams, but the water must be very clean.
Eating habits
They eat insects and small fish, dragonflies, aquatic animals, amphibians, crabs, etc.. Salamanders eat smaller creatures than themselves. Fish, larvae, insects and dried shrimp are the mainfood of salamanders in Gökçebey.
Hoopoe Abubilla (Upupa epops)
DESCRIPTION
It is small, it has black, brown, and white feathers. Their heads have a row of feathers looking like a crown. They have very thin and long beaks.
eating habits
It eats grasshoppers, little insects, larvae, snails and worms.
HABITAT
In Cazorla lives in dry lands. In Gökçebey it lives in forests and open space areas.
Reproduction
They are oviparous.They lay eggs. They hatch after 14-15 days.
Other interesting features
During incubation the male feeds the female puppies protect themselves from their enemies by shedding feces
Living habits
They live in Europe, Asia and tropical areas.The live approximately eleven years
Description
It has white and brown feathers. Its face looks like a heart. They have got big round eyes.
BARN OWL Lechuza (Tyto alba)
Habitat
In Gökçebey it lives in the forest, woods and mountainous areas. In Cazorla it lives in the forest as well and in farms.
Eating habits
It eats frogs and little animals like mice, birds and insects.
Reproduction
They lay eggs. They are oviparous.
Living habits
They can live up to seventy years.
Other interesting features
Barn owls don’t sleep at night.
Eating habits.
The fox is omnivorous. In Gökçebey and Cazorla they feed on birds, poultry, rabbits, insects, fish, mice and even human waste. They rarely hunt deer or piglets, and they are famous for stealing chickens in henhouses.
Fox Vulpes vulpes
It is a mammal as big as cat. It has a thin snout and a bushy tail. They range in length from 90 cm to 1 meter. Their weight is around 5 to 6 kg. Their ears are quite upright and pointed. Their tails are long.
Habitat.
In Cazorla it lives in olive lands and in mountains.
Living habits
They do not live in packs; foxes generally walk alone or as a couple, since they are monogamous.Foxes can run very fast up to 72 km per hour. They also have a great sight and they can see as well as a cat. In nature foxes live an average of three years. A very curious fact is that they have more than 12 different sounds to communicate with each other.Their life span ranges from 15 to 20.
Other interesting features
People do not like about foxes for stealing chickens in the henhouse, but sometimes they do because they are cute. They cross on the roads and sometimes they provoke accidents and damage to vehicles.
They give birth because foxes are mammals.
Woodpecker (Dendrocopos mayor)
DESCRIPTION:
It is a medium-size woodpecker with black and white feathers and a red patch on its belly. Males also have a red markings on the head. They have very strong and robust neck muscles and beaks.
Habitat
They live in pine and oak forests and many of those trees have to have dead wood.
Eating habits
They feed on insects, worms and larvae. They also extract seeds from pine cones. They are also feed on wild fruits, grains and acorns in Gökçebey.
Reproduction
Its reproduction is oviparous and sexual. It breeds in holes excavated in trees . They lay 6 white eggs.
Living habits
Woodpeckers have a great ability to climb trees and are specialised in the drilling of tree trunks and wood with their beaks.
The woodpecker are incredible workers. They feed the chicks and keep the nest clean.
People's Opininon
Many people like woodpeckers in Cazorla and Gökçebey.
Eating habits:
It eats little birds and rodents.
Description:
It is a small bird of prey. Females are larger than males. It is 74 to 120 cm of wingspan. It weighs 330 to 1500 grams. Their feathers are brown and their claws
are quite strong. Their tails are round.
Habitat:
They live in cliffs and rocky mountains, sometimes near crops and open areas where they hunt. In Gökçebey, they live in all kinds of forests and winter meadows.
Peregrine Falcon, Halcón peregrino, Bayağı doğan (Falco peregrinus)
Reproduction
They reach sexual maturity at 1 year old. It pair up for life. They lay 3 to 4 eggs from February to March. They lay and incubate eggs. They are oviparous.
Living habits
It is the fastest animal in the world. When this animal swoops down to hunt, it reaches 397 km/h. They have very good vision; they can see 5 km ahead of them. They can also hear very well.
People’s opinion
It is a good hunting bird of prey. This type of animal can be trained by humans. The peregrine falcon is used to scare other birds at airports and so let the planes take off. In Gökçebey, many people are afraid of falcons, because they are wild animals.
LADYBUG
Coccinella septempunctata
DESCRIPTION:
Ladybugs are small ground insects. Their size is between 5 and 8 millimetres long.
It is usually red with black spots on it.They have got thick wings and they are flashy
HABITAT:
In Spain and Turkey it lives in places with plants. Plants have got small insects that ladybirds feed on.
EATING HABITS:
They are carnivorous. They eat soft insects, aphids, worms, caterpillars...
REPRODUCTION:
It lays its eggs in clusters on leaves and branches of plants mostly infested by aphids. A single ladybug can lay up to 400 eggs in each laying, which hatch between March and April.
LIVING HABITS:
They can live between 1 and 3 years depending on the species.
PEOPLE´´ S OPINION:
People often see them as cute, lovely animals. In Turkey, people think ladybugs bring good luck. People everywhere think they are very pretty and flashy.
The rabbit
Oryctolagus cunuculus)
Eating habits
The rabbit is herbivorous; it -only eats plants: fruit, vegetables, cereal, etc …
Description
Their bodies are covered in thick, woolly fur. They have large eyes and ears, and an oval head. The rabbit is as big as a cat. They are usually small, pale brown to gray and have a very short tail .
Habitat
It lives in the olive groves in Cazorla and in forests in Gökçebey. Some people have rabbits as pets.
Living
habists
Rabbits jump high because they have long back legs; they are fast.
People's opinion
People think that rabbits are their friends because many people have them as pets in their houses and they are very cute. It is a coward animal.
Reproduction
The rabbit reproduces sexually. They usually raise from 5 to 7 small rabbits. The gestation period is about one month. They breed by giving birth to rabbits
THE RABBİT
CROW(CORVUS CORAX)
Its beak is pointed, slightly curved, black and very resistant. The tail is relatively long and the tip is very large. They have got large straight beaks.
EATING HABITS
Crows eat all kinds of food according to its abundance in the place where there live. Those who live in urban areas eat human waste. They can be scavengers.
HABITAT
The crow has a large area of distribution
all over the world, they usually live on the branches of deciduous trees
REPRODUCTION
The are monogamous but they are cooperative breeding the chicks.
They form large families that remain together for many years.
They lay the eggs in spring.
The period of incubation is nineteen days.
THE Voice and sINGING of the raven can't be precisely defined as melodious.
Deer, ciervo, geyik (Cervus elaphus)
Special habits
Deers when it make the reproduction it go to the high mountain to rest to in Septembre reproductive again
Reproduction:
Its reproduction is sexual.In Septembre they bellowing for have females to be the alpha male.
Habitat:
It lives in forests
People's opinion
It is a beautiful animal, some people hunt it because is very expensive and to what for there isn't overcrowding.
Eating habits:
Deer are herbivorous animals. Their diet is basically made up of plants.
Description:
Deers have long, large horns. They are brown, in may it peel off the leathers.
The wild boar
Jabalí
description
eating habits
habitat
TAWNY OWL, carabo Tyto alba
This owl has got big eyes and a big head. It hasn't got any ears and its head is round and big.
Reproduction
The brown owl lays its eggs in tree hollows.
People's opinion
In Cazorla they are not well known, but people love owls.
Living habits
They have nocturnal habits and rest during the day.
Habitat
It lives in temperate forests and makes its nest in tree hollows.
In Gökçebey their bodies are generally 15cm long and round, are scaly or rough. The tail can be up to twice the length of the body. Its total length is up to 40 cm.
In Spain they have a robust appearance with a large head and strong jaws. They are green and have got beautiful blue spots on their skin. It is around 60cm long.
In Spain feeds on large insects, arachnids, worms, small mammals, eggs of birds, chickens, other lizards ,etc. and in Gökçebey they are also herbivorous.
Lizard, Lagarto ocelado, kertenkele Lacerta lepida, Lacerta viridis
description
eating habits
In Spain the lizard lives in open sunny places, in farm lands and even high mountains. In Gökçebey, they live in warm and rural areas. Some of them live in trees and some live underground.
habitat
The golden eagle is one of the best-known birds of prey in the Northern Hemisphere. It is the most widely distributed species of eagle. These birds are dark brown, with light golden-brown plumage on their napes.
Description
Habitat
Golden eagles are fairly adaptable but often reside in areas with a few shared ecological characteristics.
Common habitats are forests and mountains.
They make their nests on high cliffs and tops of tall trees.
Golden Eagle, águila real, Aquila chrisaetos
Golden Eagle
Golden eagles usually hunt during daylight hours. They feed on creatures such as snakes, rabbits, mice and fish.
Eating habits
Golden oriole - Oropéndola - Sarıasma- Oriolus oriolus
Description
The golden oriole is a small species of bird. The male is black and yellow, but the female is a dark green bird. Their colours are different in every place where they live. In Gökçebey female birds have longitudinal stripes on the body.
Habitat
They generally migrate during the night, but may travel during the day in the spring migration. It returns to Africa in autumn. They come to warm countries like Turkey or Spain in the spring .
Reproduction
They built the nest in place by plants fibres up to 40 cm, where they used to have between 3, 4 and 5 eggs.The eggs are incubated by the female, but the male will incubate for short periods. Incubation period is 14-15 days.
Goldfinch, colorín Carduelis carduelis
It is small, its feathers are brown and its wings are yellow and black.
Its head is white, black and red and its beak is white.
It lives in the countryside and forests in Cazorla mountains, Segura and Las Villas.
It eats insect and seeds. They breed
late April and most pairs will attempt two broods, sometimes three, in a given year. Each clutch consists of approximately 3 – 7 chicks whose incubation period lasts between 10 – 14 days, ultimately leading to a fledge period of between 13 – 18 days.
They get up to eat, feed their young and sleep
that its beautiful .
Hedgehog, Erizo,Kirpi Erinaceus europaeus
Description
The hedgehog is a mammal that measures approximately 15 centimeters and weighs more or less 400 grams Its body is covered with 2cm long whisker thorns (spurs).
Habitat
they live from bushy forests to large parks and gardens. It likes humid places.
It mostly eats insects, slugs, frogs, worms, rarely small mice and snakes.
Their pregnancy lasts 5-6 weeks. It gives birth to 3-8 babies at each birth.
Kingfisher, martín pescador, Alcedo atthis
Description
Kingfishers are small unmistakable bright blue and orange birds of slow moving or still water. They hunt fish. Is 114 species and is divided into three subfamilies.They have black eyes and black beak.The long of kingfishers is 20 cm.
Description
Kingfishers are small unmistakable bright blue and orange birds of slow moving or still water. They hunt fish. Is 114 species and is divided into three subfamilies. They have black eyes and black beak. They are around 20 cm long.
Living Habits
They are in danger of extinction. They are shy birds, They have a good vision. They are generally alone. Their speed reaches up to 90 kms.
Habitat
It lives near the rivers and in the forest., but it is very hard to find them.In Cazorla there are in big numbers. In Gökçebey, we don’t have many of them.
Mole (talpa europea), in spanish topo and in turkish köstebek.
DESCRIPTION.
It's a small mammal adapted to a subterranean lifestyle with large paws adapted for digging. His scientific
name is "Condylura".
HABITAT
It usually lives under the floor, in Cazorla the mole is too dangerous for the vegetables and fruits, they eat this food.
Eating habits
They eat insect, vegetables and fruits
Reproduction
They reproduction is sexual like others mammals mates in the spring afters 35 days 3 or 7 babies are born
Other interesting features and living habit
They're not really blind but they have a very short field of view. Their house is very messy.
People’s opininon
People think the mole is very cute. But farmers usually don’t like them because they destroy their products.
Pine processionary
(Thaumetopoea pytocampa)
DESCRIPCION
The squirrel is a mammal . They are a little in Spain. It has very dark hair on its body. Their mouth and nose are very big.
Eating habits
They eat everything, plants, mushroms, insects. They can be scavengers too.
Reproduction
They mate in the autumn and breed from three to six piglets in the spring, in the month of May in Spain, but in Turkey they give birth to their youngs in June or July.
SQUIRREL SCIURUS VULGARIS
Habitat
It lives in forests in Turkey, but in Spain you can see them in agricultural areas as well. In Cazorla they are in big numbers, but in Gökçebey there are few of them, so they are difficult to see.
Toad (bufo bufo)
DESCRİPTİON
Bufo Bufo is an amphibian. In Spain we call it "sapo". In Turkısh it is "kurbağa". Its size is about 15 cm. Its color is gray and it has irregular spots. Its head is wide and shaped like a balloon.
HABİTAT
Its habitat is all
European habitats with stagnant waters. They mostly live near streams, rivers and humid places and in muddy areas.
EATİNG HABİTS
It eats small insects, worms, spiders...
Reproduction
They are oviparous..Most toad lay their fertillised eggs in water.
Living habits
Toads are solitary,except during the breeding season, they are nocturnal. when hatched,they live in water but later land on
Other interesting features
They live around 10-12 years.Some people think that if you touch a toad you will get warts.
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