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He walked over 

mountains, through 

forests, swam through 

rivers, and rolled down 

a hill.

Juan finally came up to 

a gate and was curious 

to see what was inside. 

He decided to go in.

He walked into a small 

village but he did not 

see any people. He 

thought everyone was 

hiding inside. 

Juan enters a house 

and finds his friend Ben 

in a DNA and Protein 

synthesis factory.

Juan asks what they 

are doing. He then 

finds out that they are 

replicating DNA.

Juan observes and 

notices the steps. They 

first describe the 

structure! 

Ben explains to Juan 

that DNA is made of 

Nitrogenous bases, 

Nucleotides, and 

Deoxyribose Sugar.

As Ben continues to 

explain, something 

happens, and his body 

begins to mutate.

As they continued to 

mutate, Ben took Juan 

through his magical 

teleportation device to 

show him how replication 

works.

Helicase splits the DNA into two strands. 

DNA is coded into four different bases. 

These are adenine, thymine, cyanine, 

guanine. Adenine pairs up with thymine 

and guanine pairs up with cyanine. DNA 

polymerase builds a second strand of 

DNA for each existing strand to create two 

identical copies of DNA.

Checkpoint 1

What enzyme separates the bases and what 

are the names of the bases?   What are the 

complementary base pairs?

Answers

The helicase is the enzyme.   Adenine, thymine, 

guanine, cytosine.   Adenine combines with 

thymine, and guanine combines with cytosine.

"Oh no!," said Ben, "Our DNA was not properly 

read so our RNA is mixed up!   Transcription 

went wrong." The RNA polymerase must have 

mixed up the transcription. The mRNA delivers 

the new instructions to the tRNA for 

translation. The tRNA delivers the amino acids 

based on the triplet codons to the nucleotide 

sequence. It then matches the codons with 

their triplet opposites called anticodons.

Checkpoint 2

Transcription turns DNA into what?   What is 

the purpose of tRna and mRna?   What is the 

opposite of a codon called?

Answers

DNA into RNA.   The tRNA delivers the amino 

acids based on the triplet codons to the 

nucleotide sequence while mRNA delivers 

information to the tRNA.   The opposite of a 

codon is called an anti-codon

Anyways, translation is the next step in the 

process. The mRNA codons are matched up 

with corresponding DNA anti-codons. Anti-

codons match up with existing codons. DNA 

anti-codons form triplets, which translate into 

amino acids. Multiple amino acids form 

polypeptide chains when they come together.

Checkpoint 3

What do the mRNA codons match up with?  

What do the DNA anti-codons form and what 

are they translated into?   What is the name of 

the chain multiple amino acids form?

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