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Why is it important that not all plants, animals, 

bacteria, and fungi on Earth are all different from 

each other? 

To give you a clue. 40% of everything exchanged 

throughout the world depends on the Earth being 

diverse. By everything having unique qualities, you 

have a bunch of different tasty crops and other foods 

that can be made from them. This also helps other 

organisms survive and provide for themselves and 

their babies they will have one day. The last thing is 

different organisms help keep the ecosystem healthy by 

each doing different jobs. And if an ecosystem is healthy, 

then it can also   withstand a variety of disasters.

The ocean contains over 90% of the 

habitable space on the planet. An 

estimated 50-80% of all life on earth is 

found under the ocean surface. In order 

for all the organisms to live underwater, 

they have to adapt so they don't get too 

crowded. An any habitat, if organisms get 

crowded they have to compete for 

resources. Because some organisms are so 

good at their job, that's all they do. When 

an animals is specialized it's job is called a 

niche. Niche is a fancy word for important 

job. And if another organism is better at 

the niche, than it has to try harder or risk 

not being able to survive!

Penguins for example live in an extreme 

environment that a lot of other 

organisms would not be able to. Over a 

long period of time penguins have 

become used to living in very cold 

temperatures. They primarily eat fish 

and crab, which means they don't have 

to compete with other organisms. 

Because of lack of competition, 

penguins can fulfill their roles and jobs 

in their ecosystem.

Some organisms work 

through their differences 

and actually work 

together. When they 

work together and both 

get something out of it, 

it's called mutualism. A 

good example are bees 

and flowers. The bees 

spread the pollen for the 

flowers, and the bees 

uses the nectar from the 

flower to make honey.

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