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Table of contents:

1. Judaism

 -Leader & Beginnings (timeline)

 -Holy Writings and Guidelines

 -Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs

2. Christianity

  -Leader & Beginnings (timeline)

  -Holy Writings and Guidelines

  -Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs

3. Hinduism

 -Leader & Beginnings (timeline)

 -Holy Writings and Guidelines

 -Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs

4.Buddhism

 -Leader & Beginnings (timeline)

 -Holy Writings and Guidelines

 -Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs

5.Islamic\Muslim

 -Leader & Beginnings (timeline)

 -Holy Writings and Guidelines

 -Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs

6.Confucianism

 -Leader & Beginnings (timeline)

 -Holy Writings and Guidelines

 -Beliefs/Influence of Beliefs

Judaism

c. 2000-1500 BCE   Abraham and the Patriarchs  

c. 1500-1200 BCE   Egypt, the Exodus and wandering in the desert  

1200-1050 BCE   Occupation of Canaan, the Promised Land  

1050-920 BCE United kingdom under Saul, David and Solomon, with capital at Jerusalem  

920-597 BCE   Divided kingdom of Israel (north) and Judah (south) 

722 BCE   Assyria conquers Israel  

701 BCE   Egyptians conquer Judah  

612 BCE   Ninevah destroyed by Babylonains and Medes  

605 BCE   Babylon conquers Egypt, now rules Judah  

568-538 BCE   Babylonian Exile  

586 BCE   Destruction of the first temple  

550 BCE   Second Isaiah composed  

c. 520 BCE   Haggai and Zechariah prophesy  

516 BCE   Second Temple built  

5th cent. BCE   Oldest known example of a ketubah  

3rd cent. BCE   Rise of the Sadducees; Septuagint formed  

2nd cent. BCE   Idea of resurrection of the dead gains popularity in Jewish circles 

c. 20 BCE   Philo Judaeus born  

0-100 CE   Compilation of the Tenakh  

c. 50 CE   Philo dies  

70 CE   Destruction of the Second Temple by the Romans on the 9th of Av  

c. 90-150   Canonization of Hebrew Bible essentially complete  

135   Bar Kokhba rebellion defeated at Betar by Romans on 9th of Av  

c. 135   Roman governors ban circumcision 

164   Hasmonean revolt against the Romans  

c. 200   Compilation of the Mishnah by Judah ha-Nasi  

337 Proselytizing for Judaism is punishable by death in the Roman Empire.  

358 Rabbi Hillel II introduces permanent fixed ritual calendar 

c. 425   Compilation of the Jerusalem Talmud 

500-600   Compilation of the Babylonian Talmud 

700-1100   Karaite sect rejects Rabbinic Judaism 

933 Saadiah Gaon writes the Book of Beliefs and Opinions  

1040-1105 Rashi (Rabbi Solomon ben Isaac)  

1096 First Crusade prompts anti-Jewish violence in France and Germany  

The Holy writings for Judaism in the Torah. It is made up of 5 

books. The Torah was considered the most sacred writings. 

The 10 commandments were the basics for the civil and 

religious laws for Judaism.

There is only 1 God. He watches out for his 

people as well as cares for them. God holds 

people accountable for their own sins. Jewish 

people honor God by studying the Torah.

2. Christianity

c. 4 BC Birth of Jesus 

c. 26 AD   John the Baptist begins ministry 

c. 27 AD   Jesus begins ministry 

c. 30 AD   Crucifixion of Jesus 

c. 35 Conversion of Paul 

c. 44 Martyrdom of James 

c. 46-48 Paul's first missionary journey 

c. 49   Council of Jerusalem 

c. 50-52   Paul's second missionary journey 

c. 51-52 First and Second Thessalonians written 

c. 53-57 Paul's third missionary journey 

c. 57 Letter to the Romans written 

c. 59-62 Paul imprisoned in Rome 

c. 60   Andrew martyred by crucifixion in Achaia (Greece).  

c. 66-67 Second Timothy written 

c. 68 Martyrdom of Paul 

70 Fall of Jerusalem  

c. 90-95   John exiled on island of Patmos 

c. 95 Book of Revelation written 

c. 96 Clement of Rome's Letter to the Corinthians written 

c. 120 Didache written 

202 Christians persecuted under Septimus Severus 

211 Christians tolerated under Emperor Antoninus Caracalla 

222 Christians favored Emperor Alexander Severus  

230 Origen's On First Principles 

235 Christians persecuted under Emperor Maximin the Thracian  

238 Christians tolerated under Emperor Gordian III  

244 Christians favored under Emperor Philip the Arabian 

251 Cyprian's Unity of the Catholic Church 

254 Death of Origen 

303 Diocletian orders burning of Christian books and churches 

312 Emperor Constantine's conversion to Christianity  

313 Edict of Milan establishes official toleration of Christianity 

325 Council of Nicea 

336 Death of Constantine  

354 Birth of Augustine 

367 Athanasius lists all 27 books of NT 

379 Basil the Great dies 

380 Christianity made official religion of Roman Empire  

381 Council of Constantinople 

386 Augustine converts to Christianity 

389 Gregory of Nazianzus dies 

395 Gregory of Nyssa dies 

The Bible Holy writing is the Bible. Christians prey 

to their God. They also song and hold sermons. 

They have services for Baptism and celebrate many 

holidays like Christmas, the day Christ was born, 

and Easter the day he was resurrected. 

Christians believe that their in only 1 God, this God 

watches over and cares for the people. Also they 

believe that Jesus Christ was the son of God. He 

died on the cross to save anyone that believes in 

him so they can have eternal life in Heaven. 

Hinduism

2800-2000 BCE   Indus Valley civilization. 

1200-900 BCE   Early Vedic Period - earliest Vedas are compiled. 

900-600 BCE   Late Vedic period - Brahmanical religion develops, emphasizing ritual and social obligation.  

800-300 BCE   The 11 major Upanishads are written, which include the ideas of reincarnation and karma.  

500 BCE-1000 CE   Epics and Puranas are written, reflecting the rise of devotional movements dedicated to Shiva, 

Vishnu and Devi.  

5th cent. BCE   Buddhism and Jainism founded in India.  

c. 320-185 BCE   Mauryan Dynasty founded by Chandragupta.  

c. 320-500 CE   Gupta empire. 

c. 500-650 CE   Gupta empire divides into several kingdoms.  

c. 600-1600 CE   Rise of devotional movements, puja (worship) rituals, and idea of equality of devotees.  

7th-11th cent.   Esoteric movements based on Tantras develop. 

c. 870-1280   Cholas dynasty. Hinduism arises in the south. 

1498 European presence in southern Asia begins with the arrival of Vasco de Gama.  

1540s Portugese missionaries arrive in India.  

17th-19th cent. Hindu Renaissance. 

c. 1700   British East India Company formed.  

1720 Collapse of the Mughal empire; British begin to take power.  

1857 National War of Independence against the British is sparked by the British use of cow fat in guns.  

1876 Queen Victoria becomes Empress of India.  

1895 Vedanta Society founded by Vivekananda. Promotes Hinduism as a world religion and India as a single 

nation.  

1915 Gandhi joins the nationalist movement.  

1947 India regains independence, but its partitioning leads to conflicts between Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs. 

1948 Assassination of Gandhi. 

1950 Constitution of the Republic of India.  

There are 3 main gods in Hinduism they are, 

Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. The Gurus is the 

spiritual leader. They spread the Hindu beliefs. The 

Gurus always watches out for the sacred wrings. 

Hinduism has no 1 sacred book. They believe 

freeing them self's of early desires comes from a 

life of worship, knowledge, and virtuous acts.

In Hinduism they believe that the spirit never dies 

but is continually reborn. Also that to achieve 

happiness and enlightenment they must free them 

self's of earthly desires. Each spring Hindus 

celebrate the festival of Holi to celebrate the story 

of Prince Prahlada, who died rather than stop 

worshiping Vishnu. To remember this people dance 

in the streets and through colored power and dyed 

water at each other.

Buddhism

c. 480 BCE   Birth of the Buddha in Kapilavastu.  

c. 450 BCE   The Buddha's enlightenment and first sermon.  

c. 405 BCE   Death of the Buddha.  

c. 405 BCE   First Buddhist Council, at Rajagrha.  

c. 350 BCE   Second Buddhist Council, at Vaisali. 

327-325 BCE   Alexander the Great in India.  

c. 300 BCE   Buddhism arrives in SE Asia.  

272 BCE   Emperor Asoka takes throne.  

250 BCE   Third Buddhist Council, resulting in Great Schism and Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism  

247 BCE   Mahinda introduces Buddhism to Sri Lanka.  

200-0 BCE   Stupa construction at Sanci.  

1st cent. BCE   Theravada Buddhist Canon (Tripitaka) completed in Sri Lanka. 

1st cent. CE   Indian Buddhists settle in Southeast Asia.  

150-250 CE   Life of Nagarjuna.  

4th cent.   Rise of Vajrayana Buddhism.  

350-650 Gupta dynasty in India; Buddhist philosophy and art flourish.  

372 CE   Chinese monks bring Buddhism to Korea.  

399-414 Fa-hsien travels to India.  

c. 420   Schools of Tiantai, Huayan, Chan, and Jingtu appear in China.  

520 Bodhidharma arrives in China.  

526   Viniaya school founded in Korea.  

527 Korea accepts Buddhism.  

6th cent.   Burma adopts Theravada Buddhism.  

552 Buddhism enters Japan from Korea.  

572-621 Prince Shotoku sponsors Buddhism in Japan.  

c. 589   Chinese Buddhist commentaries written.  

c. 600   First diffusion of Buddhism in Tibet.  

618-50 Life of Songtsen Gampo; establishment of Buddhism in Tibet. 

618-907 Chinese T'ang Dynasty; golden age of Buddhism in China.  

7th cent.   Mahayana Buddhism adopted in Indonesia.  

8th cent.   Buddhism becomes state religion of Japan.  

741 Japanese emperor orders a temple be built in every province.  

c. 792-94   The Great Samye Debate decides on Indian Mahayana Buddhism as the form for Tibet.  

836-842 King Langdharma persecutes Tibetan Buddhists.  

845 Chinese emperor suppresses Buddhism.  

early 10th cent.   Korea institutes a Buddhist constitution  

To reach nirvana, or complete peace and 

happiness, they must follow the Noble 

Eightfold Path: Right views; Right resolve; 

Right speech; Right conduct; Right livelihood; 

Right effort; Right mindfulness; Right 

concentration. People who dedicate there lives 

to the Buddha must live a life of poverty, 

meditation, and study. 

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