Mountaineering is a predominantly recreational and less sporting, non-competitive human activity aimed at climbing mountains, snow, rock and ice (glacier). This term is mainly used in Latin European languages such as French (alpinism), Spanish (alpinismo) or Italian (alpinismo).

The term comes from ascents in the Alps (Alps + Nism), being promoted by the French in particular, to remain in the history that this activity occurred in the French Alps (the Mont Blanc massif) in 1786.

Rafting or rafting on fast water is an outdoor water sport that means descent on fast mountain rivers with pneumatic boats in teams of two or more people. The name comes from so-called inflatable rafts, which were used for the first time by the US military. These craft made of highly resistant materials can be used in almost any condition and can overcome any obstacle.

BASE jumping, also sometimes written as B.A.S.E. jumping, is parachuting or wingsuit flying from a fixed structure or cliff. "BASE" is an acronym that stands for four categories of fixed objects from which one can jump: building, antenna, span, and Earth (cliff)] Due to the lower altitudes of the jumps, BASE jumping is significantly more dangerous than skydiving from a plane. In the U.S., BASE jumping is currently regarded by many as a fringe extreme sport or stunt

Parkour (French pronunciation: [paku]) is a training discipline using movement that developed from military obstacle coursetraining. Practitioners aim to get from one point to another in a complex environment, without assistive equipment and in the fastest and most efficient way possible. Parkour includes running, climbing, swinging, vaulting, jumping, rolling, quadrupedal movement, and other movements as deemed most suitable for the situation. Parkour's development from military training gives it some aspects of a non-combative martial art.