TABLE OF CONTENTS

Intro.... 3

Nature of light....5

Structure of visual system....11

How we see colors....17

The nature of sound.....26

Structure of the auditory system....31

How we hear...36 

Tom and Jerry love to run around in the backyard and inside the house . Chasing one another.. They have a broad relationship because, one day they love each other and the next day they hate one another.

One day Tom while tom was chasing a tennis ball, jerry decided to get the ball before Tom did. After, Jerry got the ball, Tom wasn't interested in playing anymore. But, Tom was interested in learning about how humans see colors because he could only see in black and white. Jerry was really smart and wanted to tell Tom everything he needed to know to understand.

Jerry showed Tom a picture of an eye. "This is what your eye looks like from the inside. Your eyes help you see everything around you." He said. There are so many different parts of the eye and i will be telling you how each part works.

FREQUENCY AND AMPLITUDE

Jerry tells Tom that his brain does something called transduction which is when your brain takes signals and changes it into something that your brain can read. This happens because light moves as if they were waves.

The sun has a substantial range of electromagnetic radiation. It is felt as heat and observed as light when it hits opaque objects in space but there is a large part of the radiation that is neither felt as hot nor observed as light in plain vision.

Wavelength/Frequency - The space between the tip tops of each light wave. This makes the hue, or the color of the wave.

Amplitude- How tall each wave is. This is what controls the intensity of light, or how bright it is.

Wavelength/Frequency- The longer the wave, the more red the hue. The shorter the wave the more violet the hue.

Amplitude- The taller the wave, the duller or less bright the hue is. The shorter the wave the brighter the hue .

Interesting, now Jerry can you tell me about how light get's all the way to our brain?

Well, Let's say that i see this Pink flower and the light from the flower zooms into my eyes. This light comes through the cornea "the see through" part of the eye.

The light than comes to the lenses of the eye . Which is the curved bendy part behind the cornea. This helps your eyes see better and clear.

THAN the light from the flowers goes through the lens to the retina and the place behind our eyes is called the cones and rods.

Rods- Helps us see black and white hues

Cones- Helps us see colorful hues.

These are all neurons that send energy to the optic nerve.

When lights come from the rods and cones signals are made which cause the bipolar cells to wake up than it causes the Ganglion and it comes together to make the optic nerve.

In your eye there is also the black part, the pupil is known to let more light in or less light in and you also have the iris which is the colorful part of the eye that controls how much your pupils close and open

The optic nerve is like a grandpa because is has a blind spot. This is when the optic nerve blind spot leaves the eyeball and no receptor cells are hanging around.

Tom did you know that cones are found around the fovea? A dent on the retina where cones are broken up and stays in it's place.

OHHH REALLY TELL ME MORE JERRY!

We also have the optic chiasm this is when our optic nerve goes into our brain from each eye. This helps our brain know what we see !