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INFORMATION                                                                     

Africa is the world's second-largest and 

second-most-populous continent. At about 

30.2 million km² (11.7 million sq mi) 

including adjacent islands, it covers six 

percent of the Earth's total surface area and 

20.4 percent of the total land area.

CAIRO

 is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in the 

Arab world and Africa. Itsmetropolitan area is the 

16th largest in the world. Located near the Nile 

Delta,[1][2] it was founded in 969 AD. Nicknamed 

"the city of a thousand minarets" for its 

preponderance of Islamic architecture, Cairo has 

long been a centre of the region's political and 

cultural life. Cairo was founded by the Fatimid 

dynasty in the 10th century AD, but the land 

composing the present-day city was the site of 

national capitals whose remnants remain visible in 

parts of Old Cairo. Cairo is also associated with 

Ancient Egypt as it is close to the ancient cities of 

Memphis, Giza and Fustat which are near the Great 

Sphinx and the pyramids of Giza.

 also known as Jozi, Joburg, Joni, eGoli or 

Joeys, is the largest city in South Africa, by 

population. Johannesburg is the provincial 

capital of Gauteng, The city is one of the 50 

largest metropolitan areas in the world,[7] and 

is also the world's largest city not situated on a 

river, lake, or coastline.[8] It claims to be the 

lightning capital of the world, though this title 

is also claimed by others.

The climate of Africa ranges from tropical to 

subarctic on its highest peaks. Its northern half 

is primarily desert or arid, while its central and 

southern areas contain both savanna plains 

and very dense jungle (rainforest) regions. In 

between, there is a convergence where 

vegetation patterns such as sahel, and steppe 

dominate. The movement of the Intertropical 

convergence zone, also known as the monsoon 

trough, creates a rainy season across central 

portions of the continent to the south of the 

Sahara. 

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