THE SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS IN THIS BOOK WERE TRIED BY OUR STUDENTS IN OUR PROJECT AND THEIR VIDEOS WERE ADDED TO THE PAGES.

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Cafer Yağız Şehit Ahmet Uzun Secondary School YALOVA

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: I'm making a simple microscope at home

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:In this activity, we will design a light microscope setup where we can observe plant cells using cost-effective waste materials.

Warning:

Cutting and piercing tools should be used carefully.

Care should be taken when using the silicone gun.

WHAT DO WE NEED?

1 piece of 14 cm x 14 cm dummy cardboard

10 PET bottle caps, 2 x 1.5 V pencil batteries

1 white LED bulb, 1 mini key, 1 double battery bed, 1 10 cm long conductive wire, 1 mini spherical glass bead, 2 cm x 2 cm transparencies, 1 1 liter PET bottle, 1 tweezers

Pen, Transparent tape, 2 cutout labels

Silicone gun and silicone, Scissors

Utility knife

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

1. Let's stick eight of the PET bottle caps to each other with silicone from their outer surfaces in four pairs as shown in the picture.

2. Let's fix the PET bottle caps to the corners of the dummy cardboard with silicone.

3. Let's cut a 1 liter PET bottle with scissors so that a funnel is formed at the mouth.

4. Let's draw a circle with a pencil on the top of the dummy cardboard, using the piece we cut in the shape of a funnel.

5. This time, let's draw a second circle with a pen in the center of the circle using the PET bottle cap.

6. Using scissors, let's drill holes in the center of the second circle we drew on the PET bottle caps and the dummy cardboard through which the legs of the LED bulb can pass.

7. Let's fix the LED bulb and PET bottle cap with silicone as in the picture.

8. Using scissors, a utility knife and a pen, let's determine where we will place the mini key on the model cardboard, then fix the key to the cardboard with silicone.

9. Let's fix the double battery bed to the bottom of the model cardboard with silicone. Let's make the connections between the mini switch, LED bulb and battery bed with the conductive wires.

LED ampulü bağlarken, pilin negatif (-) ucunu gösteren siyah iletken teli LED ampulün kısa ayağına ve pilin artı (+) ucunu gösteren kırmızı iletken teli uzun bacağına bağlayalım. LED ampulün.

10. Huni şeklinde kestiğimiz pet şişenin kapağına makas yardımı ile cam bilyenin yerleştirilebileceği bir delik açalım ve cam boncuğu deliğe yerleştirelim.

11. 1.5 V kalem pilleri pil yatağına yerleştirelim ve çerçeve etiketlerini resimde gösterildiği gibi model kartonun üst kısmına yapıştıralım.

12. Let's prepare our preparation first in order to observe the plant cells on the frame. Let's cut a piece of dice from the onion with the help of a utility knife and tweezers as in the image. Let's lay the membrane on the transparency we will use as a slide. Let's cover the upper part of the acetate with a transparent tape that acts as a lamella.

13. Stick the preparation we have prepared to the mouth of the PET bottle with tape as shown in the image.

14. Put the cap with the glass bead on the mouth of the PET bottle.

WHAT HAPPENED?

When we turn on our LED bulb by turning the mini switch on, we can observe the cells in the onion membrane. As in the picture, we can get a clear image by turning the PET bottle cap right and left.

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video.

Shusha city secondary school No. 3

Fidan R

THE NAME OF THE

EXPERIMENT: Color mix

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:In this activity, we will get the color green using blue and yellow, the main colors.

Warning: Do not drink colored water!

WHAT DO WE NEED?

For this we need 3 glasses, colors, paper towels and water.

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

We take 3 cups. We sort one to be full and one to be empty. We add blue to one of the glasses of water and yellow to the other. Using a paper towel, combine the colored cups with the empty cups and wait for 2 hours.

In this case, the liquid from each of the 2 cups will be collected in an empty glass with a paper towel, and the collection will be green. This proves that green is a mixture of yellow and blue.

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video

Shusha city secondary school No. 3

Asmar.A

THE NAME OF THE

EXPERIMENT:Non-Newtonian fluid

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

Warning:

What do we need for this?

Corn starch, water

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

Stir until the mixture forms a thick homogeneous mass, the starch particles swell in water and combine chaotically in the form of mixed molecules. Tight bonds at high shear rates - do not allow molecules to move and the mixture behaves like a solid body.

At a low shear rate, the molecules spread and open, and the mixture behaves like a liquid. Fluids are called non-Newtonian because they do not obey ordinary laws of physics.

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video

Shusha city secondary school No. 3 Zamina. S

THE NAME OF THE

EXPERIMENT:Escaping black pepper

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

Soap is a key tool in protecting against viruses

Warning:Do not drink colored water!

What do we need for this?

For this we need water, a small plate, black pepper, a very small amount of soap, cotton.

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

When cotton is soaked in black pepper without dipping it in anything, the black pepper does not stick to the cotton, and the size of the cotton is reduced. However, when cotton is soaked in soap and soaked in black pepper, the black pepper sticks to the cotton.

In other words, this shows that soap removes and absorbs viruses and germs from our hands and body surface.

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video

Shusha city secondary school No. 3

Valide.B

THE NAME OF THE

EXPERIMENT:PH assignment

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:Assignment at home

What do we need for this?

Red cabbage

hot water,

3 cups, salt,

baking soda

grape vinegar

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

First, chop the red cabbage and add hot water, then use the filtered solution as an indicator.

We determine the alkaline, acidic and neutral environment at home with cabbage juice.

For this we prepare a solution of salt, baking soda and grape vinegar.

We take 3 glasses. An aqueous solution of baking soda is added to the 1st cup, aqueous solution of table salt is added to the 2nd cup, and a solution of grape vinegar is added to the 3rd cup.

In this case, the juice of red cabbage, which we will use as an indicator substance, turns blue because the environment is alkaline in a solution of baking soda. The color does not change in the aqueous solution of salt because the environment is neutral. In grape vinegar, the environment is acidic, so it turns red.

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video

Hasanoğlan Ortaokulu Project Team

THIS EXPERIMENT WAS PRESENTED BY Batuhan, Büşra, Emirhan, Eylül, Hamza, Mert, Sudenaz, Şevval, Yaren, Yusuf Arda.

Esra Yeniceli

Hasanoğlan Secondary School

Elmadağ/ANKARA

THE NAME OF THE

EXPERIMENT: Non-Popping Balloon

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE: With this experiment, we will see how we can bounce our bubbles, consisting of “air trapped in a thin surface of soap,” without exploding.

Warning: We have to be careful with scissors.

WHAT DO WE NEED?

-Water

-Dish detergent

-Glycerin

-Cotton gloves

-Pastor pipette and scissors (optional)

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

1. First, we need to prepare our bubble solution. For this, gently mix 1/2 cup (500ml) of dish detarjan, 4-1/2 cups (4.5 L) of water and 4 tablespoons of glycerin (60ml) in a bowl.

2. The prepared mixture is kept in a closed container for 24 hours.

3. We gently cut the round side of the pastor straw from the end with scissors. This will be very good, as we will make one bubble. (But not necessarily, of course. You can also produce a bubble with any method you want.)

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

4. Create a beautiful bubble in the palm of your hand by dipping the cut part of the pastor straw into your bubble solution and blowing it gently on the hand you are wearing gloves.

5. You can jump the bubble with your gloved hand, or even make it a light square with a little pressure if you want. (If you apply too much pressure, it explodes.) The bubble will not explode as long as you play with your gloved hand. But it explodes when it touches your hand or any floor without gloves!

WHAT HAPPENED?

The worst friend of a bubble is oil, dirt, evaporation and gravity. Oil or dirt particles cause a gap in the thin surface of the bubble, which explodes the bubble. On a surface where there are no oil and dirt particles, the bubble can stop exploding.

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video.

TUĞBA AK

ÜNYE İMAM-HATİP SECONDARY SCHOOL

ECRAN/ÜNYEİHO

THIS EXPERIMENT WAS PRESENTED BY ECRAN

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: Let's Make Eco-Friendly Bioplastics

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE: Plastics are part of our daily lives. They are widely used because of their features such as easy to shape, low cost, providing thermal and electrical insulation. So, is a plastic-free world possible? Can bioplastics be the solution to the problems caused by plastics?

Warning:

Before starting the event, wear protective glasses and gloves, and wear a lab coat.

Caution should be exercised when using chemicals, these substances should not be inhaled or swallowed.

What You Need?

Cornstarch

Pure water

Glycerin

Vinegar

Food coloring

Graduated cylinder or measuring cup

Beaker or heat-resistant container (pan, etc.)

Teaspoon

A4 size aluminum foil China manufacturer

Heating

What Are We Doing?

1-Fill 60 milliliters of pure water into a heat-resistant container with the help of a measuring cup with ratings for volume measurement. Add about 5 teaspoons (10 g) of cornstarch and mix.

2-Add about a teaspoon (5 milliliters) of vinegar and a teaspoon (5 milliliters) of glycerin to the starch-water mixture and stir.

3-Let's drop a drop of food dye into the mixture we have prepared.

4-Let's mix until the color is evenly distributed throughout the mixture.

5-Let's heat the mixture by mixing it on a heater.

6-When the bubbles start to come out of the mixture, let's mix it for a while and take it over the stove when it becomes semi-transparent gel.

7-Spoon over the aluminum foil before the mixture cools. Let's wait a few days for it to dry out.

8-Our bioplastics are ready.

If you want, you can test how robust your own bioplastics are.

WHAT HAPPENED?

When vinegar is added to the starch-water mixture and the mixture is heated, the starch molecules dissolve in water and the fluidity of the mixture becomes low. So the mixture begins to gelatinize. When the mixture begins to cool, hydrogen bonds are formed between the amylose molecules, resulting in a long-chain bioplastic.

Glycerin makes it difficult for molecular chains in bioplastics to come together to form a regular structure (these regions are called Crystal regions). In this way, the resulting bioplastic becomes more flexible. Had glycerin not been added to the mixture, the resulting bioplastic would have been very fragile.

By adding different amounts of glycerin to the mixture you prepare, you can produce different bioplastics with different degree of flexibility and test the durability of the bioplastics you get. You can also measure the conditions under which the bioplastics you get remain intact for how long. When making bioplastics, you can note how much of which substance you add and the results you get.

When making bioplastics, you can use different color food dyes and molds and give different shapes to your bioplastics, such as cups

WATCH HOW I?

https://youtu.be/IZgeddUa0xY

Scan the QR code to watch the video

TUĞBA AK

ÜNYE İMAM-HATİP SECONDARY SCHOOL

Rama Ünyeİho

THIS EXPERIMENT WAS PRESENTED BY Rama

Oobleck: Solid or Liquid?

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT:

Oobleck: Solid or Liquid?

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:When a force is applied to some of the non-Newtonian fluids, for example, when they are shaken, their viscosity decreases, that is, their fluidity increases. It is this condition that makes ketchup difficult. The viscosity of some non-Newtonian fluids increases when force is applied to them. Oobleck is this kind of fluid.

What You Need?

200 grams cornstarch

Food coloring

Plastic or glass container

1 cup water

What Are We Doing?

Let's put cornstarch in a bowl and stir, adding water little by little, until the dough has a consistency.

Let's drop a few drops of food dye into the mixture.

Let's mix the mixture until it has a soft consistency.

Our oobleck mix is ready.

Let's get some of the mixture in the palm of our hand and squeeze it. What happened when we released our palm?

Let's hit the mix quickly with our fist? How did we feel?

What Happened?

When we take some of the oobleck mixture and squeeze it in our palm, we initially feel that it is like a solid ball. And when we stop squeezing, the ball flows through our fingers as if it were melting. And when we hit the mixture with our fist, we feel as if we have hit a solid surface.

Starch in the oobleck mixture is large, long-chain molecules relative to water molecules. For this reason, water molecules can move through the starch molecules. This is the reason why the oobleck mixture is normally fluid. When a force is applied to the mixture, the water molecules come out of the starch particles and the starch molecules cluster together. This causes the oobleck to behave like a solid when force is applied to the mixture. Therefore, the viscosity of oobleck changes when force is applied to it.

WATCH HOW I?

https://youtu.be/O7yh4k75RN0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7yh4k75RN0

Scan the QR code to watch the video

TUĞBA AK

ÜNYE İMAM-HATİP SECONDARY SCHOOL

Ömer Faruk Ünyeİho

THIS EXPERIMENT WAS PRESENTED BY Ömer Faruk

Let's Do Hand Sanitizer

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT:

Let's Do Hand Sanitizer

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE: Washing our hands regularly with soap is one of the most effective methods we can take to protect against the harmful effects of pathogenic microorganisms and viruses. But what can we do when we don't have access to water and soap? At this event of the experiments corner, we make hand sanitizer with materials that we can easily provide.

Disinfectants neutralize microorganisms and viruses in different ways. Alcohol-based disinfectants disrupt the structure of the cell membrane and lead to the loss of function of proteins inside the cell. Chlorine-based disinfectants, such as bleach, cause protein, fat, or carbohydrate molecules in the structure of microorganisms and viruses to oxidize and change chemically.

What You Need?

99% isopropyl alcohol or 96% ethyl alcohol

3% hydrogen peroxide (also known as oxygenated water)

Glycerin

Pure water

Lavender oil

500ml PET bottle

Bottle with spray or pump head

Tea cup

Tablespoon

Teaspoon

Funnel

Warning!

Isopropyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol are easily flammable substances. So we have to be careful when using it.

How Are We Doing?

Let's empty 200 milliliters (about two cups of tea) of isopropyl alcohol into the PET bottle using a funnel. Add about 1 tablespoon of hydrogen peroxide, 1.5 teaspoons of glycerin, half a cup of pure water and a few drops of lavender oil into the bottle.

Let's close the bottle lid. Let's shake the bottle slowly and make sure that the substances we add mix exactly with each other.

Let's transfer some of the mixture to a bottle with a spray or pump head.

. Let's keep the bottle in a cool place for 72 hours. That way, we'll disinfect the inside of the bottle. After 72 hours, our hand sanitizer is ready for use. Let's put the disinfectant on our hands and wait for it to dry.

What happend?

Alcohol molecules have parts that can interact with both water and oil molecules. Fat molecules are found in the structure of the sheaths that protect the cell membranes of disease-causing microorganisms and the genetic materials of viruses. When alcohol interacts with fat molecules in the structure of cell membranes and sheaths that protect genetic material, it binds to these molecules, causing them to break down. Therefore, alcohol causes microorganisms and viruses to lose their effectiveness.

Alcohol does not have a permanent effect on bacterial spores (structures formed by bacteria for protection against external factors or reproduction). Hydrogen peroxide in the solution we prepared neutralizes bacterial spores. In addition, research shows that 0.5% hydrogen peroxide reduces the effect of coronavirus species within a minute.

WATCH HOW I?

https://youtu.be/GyODSiJSgnE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyODSiJSgnE

Scan the QR code to watch the video

TUĞBA AK

ÜNYE İMAM-HATİP SECONDARY SCHOOL

Ömer Ünyeİho

THIS EXPERIMENT WAS PRESENTED BY Ömer

Making simple fire extinguisher at home

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT:

Making simple fire extinguisher at home

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

If we spray a mixture of vinegar carbonate on the fire for small-scale fires that may occur, the fire will go out.

Ingredients: Vinegar, carbonate,empty jar with mouth lid, lighter

How did we make experiment? Fill a ½ - liter pet bottle with 400 ml of vinegar, throw 5 teaspoons of carbonate into it and close the mouth. It is kept on fire by being slightly coaxed, pierced with a fastener from the back. The fire is seen to be extinguished.

Try Result: 1. Carbon dioxide (co2 ) gas was formed in the vinegar carbonate mixture..

2. When the resulting carbon dioxide (co2 ) gas was sprayed on the fire, the flame was extinguished.

Warning!

We have to be careful when we light a lighter and a candle. Also, we should not inhale the carbonate vinegar mixture closely when we open the lid of the jar.

WATCH HOW I?

https://youtu.be/rUXznYl2Q2Q

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUXznYl2Q2Q

Scan the QR code to watch the video

THIS EXPERIMENT WAS PRESENTED BY Firuza.A

Shusha city secondary school number 3 / Gunay Rustamova

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT:

ECO-FRIENDLY ADHESIVE MAKING

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

With this experiment, we will make glue at home without using chemicals.

Warning:

Before starting the event, wear protective glasses and gloves, and wear a lab coat.

Caution should be exercised when using chemicals, these substances should not be inhaled or swallowed.

WHAT DO WE NEED?

Milk

Water

White vinegar

Carbonate

Heat resistant container Strainer or strainer paper Water glass

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

• Add 1.5 glasses of milk to a heat-resistant container and heat it.

.Let's continue heating and mixing until lumps form in the milk.

• When the milk is completely lumpy, let's stop the heating and separate the lumps formed from the liquid part with the help of a strainer.

• Let's squeeze and knead the pellets with our hands until the liquid in them is completely drained.

• Let's put the mixture we have obtained into a heat-resistant container. Let's add about a quarter glass of water and a tablespoon of baking soda on it and heat it by mixing until bubbles come out.

• Let the mixture cool.
• Our adhesive is ready. We can use our casein glue to stick paper or wooden items.

What happened?

Casein protein is found in the structure of milk. We heated the milk and added an acid such as vinegar to separate the casein molecules from the rest of the milk. In this case, the casein pellets in the milk coalesced and grew. Since we add vinegar, an acid, in order to cut the milk, the formed casein lumps are acidic. We have neutralized the mixture by adding a basic substance such as carbonate on the lumps we filtered.

Casein pellets (micelles) suspended in milk, formed by the combination of casein proteins,

Casein molecules can come together to form polymer molecules in the form of long chains. Thanks to these properties, they show water-resistant and very strong natural adhesive properties. So they can be used to join wood and paper materials.

HOW DO I WATCH?

https://youtu.be/TIouD0ADzNE

Scan the QR code to watch the video

Seçil Gürbıyık

Korgeneral Enver Akoğlu Secondary School

Bandırma - BALIKESİR

Made by Elif

THE NAME OF THE

EXPERIMENT:

Making Borax Crystal

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

We make colorful snowflakes with boraks

Warning: We have to be careful with chemical materials.

What Do we Need?

Borax

Water

Chenille

Glass jar

Ice cream stick

Rope Scissors

Cup to measure

Food coloring (optional)

How do we do?

First, we give the chenille a snowflake shape. You can create it in different ways if you want. Then you tie the snowflake you prepared to the ice cream stick with rope. And you swing it in the jar. We mix 6 tablespoons of borax with 2 glasses of boiling water. In other words, we will add 3 tablespoons of borax for every 1 cup of hot water. We mix until the borax dissolves. If you want it to be colorful, you can drop 15-20 drops of food coloring and mix. Now we fill the prepared mixture into the glass jar. And we are waiting for the borax to freeze for 1 day. And the result is excellent. You can hang it on trees outside. You can hang it on glass in your home.

What Happened?

Because the solubility of borax in water increases with temperature, the borax molecules that dissolve in water when we cool the solution we prepared come together again on the chenille suspended in the solution and form borax crystals.

How do I watch?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bzJE1p_p1s&t=2s

Scan the QR code to watch the video

Seçil Gürbıyık

Korgeneral Enver Akoğlu Secondary School

Bandırma - BALIKESİR

Made by Yağmur

THE NAME OF THE

EXPERIMENT:

Dance of voice experiment

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

it will be discovered that sound is a type of energy as it moves the salt grains.

Warning: We have to be careful with high sound.

What Do we Need?

Plastic foil or a burst

Balloon

1 pack tire

1 small plastic bowl

1 loudspeaker

Coarse salt

How do we do?

Stretch the plastic foil or ruptured balloon over the bowl and fasten it with the rubber band. Put the salt grains on the taut foil. Move the loudspeaker you hold towards the bowl and turn on the music. Grains of salt will start to jump.

What Happened?

When music starts playing on the speaker, the air vibrates, sound waves are generated, and you perceive the sound. Sound waves reach the bowl and make the foil vibrate. The salt grains are set in motion with this oscillation and jump into the air.

How do I watch?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGcV93WbPGs

Scan the QR code to watch the video

I'M MAKİNG A CONDUCTIVE BUS

CONSTRUCTION EVENT AT HOME.

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

In this event, we will design a conductive beetle assembly in which we will test the conductivity of substances using cost-effective waste materials.).

Warning:

Cutting and piercing tools should be used carefully.

Care should be taken when using the silicone gun.

Gizem Dila Akcaöz

Şehit Hakan İncekar Secondary School

WHAT DO WE NEED?

Ingredients:

One bulb

two conductive wires

battery

scissors

band

cardboard wings

Şönil Bars

Gizem Dila Akcaöz

Şehit Hakan İncekar Secondary School

100

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

Implementation of the Activity

1. The end of one of the bulb wires is wrapped. The end of the other wire is glued to the battery with tape.

2. The bulb is fastened with tape to the other end of the battery.

3.The lower part of the bulb is fixed with the shape play dough that will touch the idle end of the battery.

4. Cardboard and the assembly are surrounded. This ensures that the mechanism is not visible.

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5. The blades cut from the cardboard are glued to the top of the battery to cover.

6. Then the assembly is decorated with the materials in hand.

7. Two exposed cable ends, one connected to the battery and the other connected to the bulb , become the antennae of the insect.

8. When we place a conductive substance between theese two antennae, the bulb on the insect's nose lights up. When an insulating substance is used the bulb does not give light.

102

WHAT HAPPENED?

1.By installing an electrical circuit from our insect,we will measure which substances light bulbs and which substances do not.

2. We will see the results by touching metal and non-metal substances into the antennae of our insect.

3. To get accurate results, we will touch two metals, two non-metal substances into the antennae of our insect.

103

We want to see what substances transmit the electricity. In this, let's make a small firefly with light on its nose and find out which substances are conductive and which substances are insulating.

Gizem Dila Akcaöz/ Şehit Hakan İncekar Secondary School

104

LET'S MAKE A LUNG MODEL

RESPONSIBLE TEACHER: GİZEM DİLA AKCAÖZ / ŞEHİT HAKAN İNCEKAR ECONDARY SCHOOL

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

In This Event, We Will Design A Lung And Diaphragm Model And A Breathing Pattern.

Warning:

Cutting and piercing tools should be used carefully.

Care should be taken when using the silicone gun.

105

Ingredients:

Plastic bottle with 1 lid;

1 shear;

1 box cutter

3 balloons

2 narrow straws

Enough cotton

adhesive tape;

Sealant

Gizem Dila Akcaöz/ Şehit Hakan Secondary School

106

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

Implementation of the Activity:

1. Insert two narrow pipettes into a large pipette and close them tightly so that they do not breathe with adhesive tape.

2. Cut the pipettes to match the size of the bottle.

3. Prepare a plastic bottle: fix the pipettes by inserting a hole in the bottle cap.

4. Insert the balloon by cutting the bottom of the bottle.

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5. The balloon at the bottom will act as a diaphragm.

6. When you pull it out, you'll see the lungs fill with air.

WHAT HAPPENED?

In this mechanism, we see concretely how the diaphragm and lungs behave during breathing. When we breathe, our lungs are filled with air and swollen, while the diaphragm contractes and flattens. The volume of the lungs is increasing. When we exhale, the diaphragm relaxes and domes and the volume of the lungs shrinks.

Gizem Dila Akcaöz/ Şehit Hakan Secondary School

108

HOW DO I WATCH?

109

WHAT SUBSTANCES GET TIGHT

RESPONSIBLE TEACHER:

GİZEM DİLA AKCAÖZ / ŞEHİT HAKAN İNCEKAR SECONDARY SCHOOL

110

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

In this event, we will design a mechanism in which we will examine the compression properties of solid, liquid and gaseous substances. We're going to examine what kind of substances are stuck.

111

BENEFITS TO KNOW:

Warning:

Cutting and piercing tools should be used carefully.

Care should be taken when using the silicone gun.

WHAT DO WE NEED?

Ingredients:

4 syringes of the same size

Flour

Pieces of stone

Water

112

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

Implementation of the Activity

• First remove the needles from the syringes and throw them in the trash. In our experience, we won't need a needle.

• We fill one of the syringes with flour

• We fill the other syringe with water

• We fill the third syringe with air

• We fill the last syringe with small pieces of stone.

• We try to push the pistons of these syringes respectively.

• We test and observe which substances are trapped.

113

WHAT HAPPENED?

IN THIS MECHANISM, STUDENTS TEST WHETHER SOLID, LIQUID AND GAS SUBSTANCES ARE. AS A RESULT OF THE TRIALS, STUDENTS FIND THAT THE SOLID AND CIVILIANS DO NOT BECAUSE THEY ARE GAP-FREE. ON THE OTHER HAND, STUDENTS OBSERVE THAT GASES CAN BE BECAUSE THEIR GRAINS ARE EMPTY

114

HOW DO I WATCH?

115

FACTORS AFFECTING POTENTIAL ENERGY

RESPONSIBLE TEACHER:

Gizem Dila Akcaöz /Şehit Hakan İncekar Secondary School

Gizem Dila Akcaöz /Şehit Hakan

İncekar Secondary School

116

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

In this activity, we examined the factors to which the potential energy of the substances depends. In the experiment, we tried to observe that potential energy depends on height and mass.

BENEFITS TO KNOW:

Warning:

Cutting and piercing tools should be used carefully.

Care should be taken when using the silicone gun.

117

WHAT DO WE NEED?

Ingredients:

Colorless glass, a deep tray

Enough flour

One light, one heavy artillery the same size.

Ruler

Paper and pen

118

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

Implementation of the Activity

• First of all, we fill the tray with as much flour as it takes. We're fixing the flour surface.

• First we observe the effect of height. For this, we first drop the heavy ball from a height of 20cm.

. We measure and note the depth of the pit it makes on the surface of flour.

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• Then we drop the same ball from a height of 50cm to the surface of the flour.

• The depth of the pit left on the surface of the flour is measured and noted.

• Thus, we have proven that potential energy increases as height increases.

• We are now testing the other variable affecting potential energy, the effect of mass.

120

. The flour surface is corrected.

• Two balls are released from the same height.

• The pits left by the two balls are measured. The results are compared.

121

WHAT HAPPENED?

In the mechanism we established, the students observed the effect of height on potential energy as a province. As a result, we found that when the height increased, the depth on the surface of the flour also increased. After all, height is directly proportional to potential energy.

In the second stage, we examined the relationship between potential energy and mass. We observed that the heavy ball has more potential energy.

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Gizem Dila Akcaöz /Şehit Hakan İncekar Secondary School

123

COLOR OF THE SOUND EXPERIMENT

RESPONSIBLE TEACHER:

Mehmet Hürdoğan KOÇ/Namık Kemal Imam Hatip Secondary School

Prepared by Muhammet Akın

124

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

In this activity, we tried to observe that sound is a type of energy and propagates in waves.

BENEFITS TO KNOW:

Warning: We have to be careful with high sound.

125

WHAT DO WE NEED?

Ingredients:

Speaker

Food coloring in different colors

Milk

Container

Liquid impermeable flexible body

126

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

Implementation of the Activity

• Speaker is placed in the container.

• The top of the container is closed tightly with a waterproof flexible object.

• Milk is poured over the flexible body.

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• Food dyes of different colors are dropped onto the milk with a dropper.

• The music last sound on the speaker turns on.

• The movements of milk and food sizes are observed on the flexible body.

128

WHAT HAPPENED?

When the sound was given to the loudspeaker, although the sound waves did not come into contact, the flexible object made a vibrational movement. They wandered around.

129

Mehmet Hürdoğan KOÇ/Namık Kemal Imam Hatip Secondary School

130

Seçil Gürbıyık

Korgeneral Enver Akoğlu Secondary School

Bandırma - BALIKESİR

Made by Yağmur

131

THE NAME OF THE

EXPERIMENT:

Lava Lamp

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

We carry out this experiment, in which we will try to mix oil and water, in order to observe in an entertaining way chemistry subjects such as gas release in chemical reactions and density difference.

132

Warning:

We should pay attention to the use of liquid

What Do we Need?

Vegetable oil

Water

An empty water bottle

Food coloring

A water-soluble tablet

133

How do we do?

Fill third of the empty water bottle with oil and top up the rest with water. Just add 10 drops of food coloring.Did you notice that the food coloring just combined with water? What if the water went down? Water has gone down because it is a denser substance, and food coloring is water-soluble because its molecules have a similar property, that is, a polar structure, but the vegetable oil is nonpolar, so the oil and water will not mix no matter how much we shake the bottle.

134

Here, take our magic element Alka seltzer into pieces and throw it into the bottle and watch it foam. reacted with water and the resulting carbon dioxide gas carried water molecules upwards. When the foaming is finished, close the cap of the bottle and shake it and once again witness that the oil and water do not mix in any way.

135

What Happened?

Oil molecules apolar and water molecules are polar (polar = polar, apolar = non-polar) do not bind to each other, but food dye and alka seltzer get along well with water, which means that they contain polar molecules. And the chemically reacting tablet and water cause CO2 gas to be released, and the gas wants to go up and mix into the air.

136

How do I watch?

Scan the QR code to watch the video

137

Seçil Gürbıyık

Korgeneral Enver Akoğlu Secondary School

Bandırma - BALIKESİR

Made by Zeynep

138

THE NAME OF THE

EXPERIMENT:

Maglev Train

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Medium

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE:

In this experiment, we aim to show the conversion of electrical energy into motion energy by creating an electromagnetic field.

139

Warning:

We must be careful with cutting and piercing tools.

What Do we Need?

2 batteries

0.90mm thick

10 meters long copper wire

4 tiny magnets

140

How do we do?

First, we bring the copper wire into a spring shape. This arc-shaped copper wire will be our tunnel. Now we place two magnets on the plus and minus poles of our battery. Our magnetic battery will be our train.

When we leave the magnetic battery in the spring made of copper wire, we see that it accelerates. When we try again, you see that the magnetic battery is self-paced in the copper tunnel.

141

What Happened?

By extending the length of the tunnel we created from copper wires, you can more easily see how the magnetic battery moves. We form a circle from the copper tunnel and leave the magnetic battery inside the tunnel. The battery, which moves non-stop as soon as we leave it in the tunnel, stops when it comes out from the other end of the tunnel. When we try again, this time when we connect the two ends of the copper tunnel, the battery is constantly moving in the copper wire. To stop it, we just need to open both ends of the tunnel.

142

How do I watch?

Scan the QR code to watch the video

143

Ceren Sultan Sevindik

Özel Debi Akademi Secondary School

Erdemli/MERSİN

Made by Begüm

144

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT

Egg Science: Raw or Cooked?

THE AGE AND DIFFICULTY LEVEL OF THE EXPERIMENT

Age Group: 14-16

Difficulty Level: Easy

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE

In this activity, we learn how to use our chemistry and physics knowledge to understand whether an egg is raw or cooked without breaking its shell.

145

BENEFITS TO KNOW

Eggs are one of the most common foods we consume. We can cook it in different ways, for example by boiling, in oil or with other foods. Let's get to know the egg, which is a very nutritious food.

Egg Chemistry

Chicken eggs consist of a transparent liquid known as egg white and egg yolk surrounded by a thin membrane in a hard shell. An average of 11% of the mass of an egg is eggshell, 58% egg white and 31% egg yolk.

146

WHAT DO WE NEED?

*Chicken eggs of approximately the same size and color

*Heat resistant container

*Stove

*That

*Stamp

*Stopwatch

*Pen

*Paper

147

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

1.Let's place three of the eggs in a heat-resistant container and add enough water to cover the eggs. Let's put the bowl on the stove. After the water boils, let's boil it for another 7-8 minutes so that the eggs are cooked.

2.After the eggs are cooked, let's take them out of the bowl and wait until they cool completely.

3.Let's put a small mark on the other three eggs with the help of a pencil to distinguish between cooked and raw eggs.

4.Let's keep the raw eggs together with the cooked ones for a while. In this way, when we start the experiment, we ensure that all the eggs are at the same temperature.

148

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

5.Let's put one of the eggs on a flat and solid surface and rotate it around its own axis.

6.Then let's stop the egg spin with our index finger and pull our finger back immediately. Let's repeat the same process a few times and note our observations.

7.Let's repeat the same process for the other eggs and note our observations.

8.Let's take a raw and a cooked egg. Let's put the eggs on their sides and turn them and note our observations.

149

WHAT HAPPENED?

A few seconds after we put the raw and cooked eggs side by side and turned them around, we saw that someone started spinning again when we touched the shell for a moment and pulled back the eggs by stopping them.

Although raw and cooked eggs are similar externally, their internal structures are different. When you cook an egg, the inside becomes solid, but this transformation does not change the appearance, smell, or sound of the egg when you hit it with a pencil. However, the turns of raw and cooked eggs are different.

150

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video.

(Videoyu izlemek için QR kodunu tarayın.)

151

Ceren Sultan Sevindik

Özel Debi Akademi Secondary School

Erdemli/MERSİN

Made by Beren

152

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT

Paper Fish Floating Under the Effect of Surface Tension

THE AGE AND DIFFICULTY LEVEL OF THE EXPERIMENT

Age Group: 13-15

Difficulty Level: Easy

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE

In this activity, we design a paper fish that floats under

the effect of surface tension with materials you can easily find at home or at school.

153

BENEFITS TO KNOW

The reason water droplets are spherical is due to surface tension.

Water molecules attract each other weakly due to the interactions between them (this interaction between water molecules is called hydrogen bonding.

WHAT DO WE NEED?

*Tray * small pots

*Glass *That

*Papers of different colors (10 cm x 7 cm in size)

*Scissors *Dropper

*Liquid soap *Dish soap

*Salt *Liquid oil *Tooth paste *Paper towel *Toothpick

154

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

1.Let's draw small fish pictures on colored paper as shown in the figure. The tail of the fish should be V-shaped.

2. Let's cut the fish shapes we have drawn on the edges with the help of scissors. Let's put some water in a tray.

3. Wait until the water in the tray stagnates. Fill half of the containers with

Let's drip a few drops of the detergent water that we have prepared with the help of a dropper on the surface of the water where the V-shaped opening in the tail of the paper fish is located.

Did the fish swim, how fast did it swim? Let's record our observations.

155

4. Place one of the paper fish on the water in the tray, with its tail towards the edge of the tray and its head towards the center of the tray and wait until the paper fish stand still.

Let's drip a few drops of the detergent water that we have prepared with the help of a dropper on the surface of the water where the V-shaped opening in the tail of the paper fish is located.

Did the fish swim, how fast did it swim? Let's record our observations.

5. Empty the tray, rinse with water, remove the detergent and dry with a paper towel. Remember! A clean and dry dropper should be used in each experiment in order for the experiment to give an accurate result.

156

6. Let's prepare a new paper fish setup. In the second experiment, let's drop a few drops of soapy water on the surface of the water where there is a V-shaped opening on the tail of the paper fish with the help of a dropper.

Let's record our observations.

Let's prepare a new paper fish setup for the third experiment.

Let's drip a few drops of salt water with the help of a dropper on the surface of the water where there is a V-shaped opening in the tail of the paper fish.

Let's record our observations.

7. Let's repeat the experiment with oil, toothpaste (you can use a toothpick to add water) and any other ingredient that can be found in the kitchen.

157

WHAT HAPPENED?

When the paper fish is placed on the surface of the water, the surface tension acts equally in all directions and the fish do not move, since the surface is completely surrounded by water. When a few drops of detergent water are added to the V-shaped part of the tail of the fish, the surface tension in that area suddenly drops. This change causes the fish to move. This is a perfect example of Newton's laws of motion. Newton's first law of motion (also known as the law of inertia) states that if the net force acting on an object is zero, it stops if the object is stationary, and if it is moving, it continues its motion in the same direction and at a constant speed. If the resultant of the forces acting on the object is not zero, the object gains acceleration in the direction and direction of the net force.

158

WHAT HAPPENED?

In the beginning, the fish does not move because the forces affecting the paper fish are in balance. When we drop detergent water on the tail of the fish, the balance of the forces affecting the fish is disrupted and it starts to move.

When we drop detergent water into the water, the detergent molecules spread all over the water and reduce the surface tension of the water. When we drop detergent water into the water again, paper fish do not move.

159

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video.

(Videoyu izlemek için QR kodunu tarayın.)

160

Ceren Sultan Sevindik

Özel Debi Akademi Secondary School

Erdemli/MERSİN

Made by Ebrar

161

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT

Skewer Balloon Experimen

THE AGE AND DIFFICULTY LEVEL OF THE EXPERIMENT

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Easy

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE

The balloon has a flexible structure. When inflated, surface tension increases. However, the tension is less at its extremes. When the skewer is passed through these points, the balloon does not burst.

162

BENEFITS TO KNOW

While doing this experimental demonstration, the reason we put the tip near the mouth to which the balloon is attached is that this part of the balloon is less stretched than the other parts. This allows the skewer to break some of the polymer cross-links and push the rubber molecules aside without puncturing the balloon. Vaseline closes the hole when you insert the bottle into the balloon and prevents air from escaping.

WHAT DO WE NEED?

*A few balloons

*A few skewers of garbage

*Vaseline

163

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

1.Inflate the balloon. Tie the mouth of the balloon. Examine your balloon. Notice that the mouth part you attached and its opposite (the other end of the balloon) is thicker than the rest.

2.Cover your garbage can with a thin layer of petroleum jelly, oil or detergent. While doing this, make sure you do not get any splinters in your hand. Stick the pointed side of the skewer into the thick area on the mouth of the balloon.

164

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

3.Make sure you do not immerse yourself in the skewer. Avoid too harsh movements and if necessary try to pivot the skewer. Thread the skewer along the balloon and stick it in the thick side at the other end.

4.Push the skewer until the skewer tears the balloon and comes out of the other end. At this point, even if you remove the spit, the balloon will not burst. Of course, the air will leak and crumble over time.

165

WHAT HAPPENED?

A balloon will rupture quickly as a result of puncture or tear at one point. as a result of the rapid discharge of air from the balloon, an awesome sound is produced. income. Many of us are afraid of this sound. When the balloon is inflated, the middle section it is seen that it is tense, and the upper and lower parts are less tense. From the top and bottom When the skewer is properly immersed, the balloon will not burst. because this The tension in the sections is not enough to tear the opening.

166

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video.

(Videoyu izlemek için QR kodunu tarayın.)

167

Ceren Sultan Sevindik

Özel Debi Akademi Secondary School

Erdemli/MERSİN

Made by Hakan

168

THE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT

Justice Cup

THE AGE AND DIFFICULTY LEVEL OF THE EXPERIMENT

Age Group: 10-13

Difficulty Level: Easy

EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE

To be greedy It is emphasized that it is bad. In addition, one should sometimes be content with what life has to offer, Because while desiring more, the message is given that what you have may disappear. Therefore, the trophy was named the Justice Cup.

169

BENEFITS TO KNOW

Experiment is also specific The mug, which can be filled with liquid up to one limit, is inside when the limit is exceeded It automatically drains the liquid. Of the cup There is a hole in the bottom, but the mug you do not cross is liquid does not spill. There is a limit inside the cup and if you fill more than this limit the contents flow completely through the bottom hole.

WHAT DO WE NEED?

*Plastic cups *Straws Lighter

* Screw * Silicone gun

170

WHAT- HOW DO WE DO?

1.Bottom of plastic cup with heated screw punctured.

2.The pipette is folded and one end is adhered to the base of the glass with the help of silicone. Six holes of the mug Although the liquid inside is never spilled due to pressure.

3. When the liquid filled in the mug crosses the boundary line of the cup, then its contents flow to the last drop.

171

HOW DO I WATCH?

Scan the QR code to watch the video.

(Videoyu izlemek için QR kodunu tarayın.)

172

INVISIBLE INK

This experiment was presented by Ayşe Ebrar

Responsible Teacher Derya Kocakavak

Adalet Secondary School

Merkezefendi/Denizli

173

Age Group: 9-13 ages

Difficulty Level: Medium

Warning: Get help from parents to be done in part with the fire.

174

Experiment Objektive:

Let's make invisible ink for your secret messages! How can you message your loved ones without others seeing them? There are multiple ways to leave a secret message on a piece of paper. Do you know that you can do this by using lemons? By leaving a secret message, you can make your loved ones read your notes only for them and make it fu

With this experiment, we will be able to observe the effect of heat on the molecular properties of substances and on the chemical properties of substances.

175

What Do We Need?

Half a lemon

Water

Spoon

Bowl

Cotton swabs

1 sheet white paper

Candle

176

What-How Do We Do?

1. Add a bit of juice and lemon juice in the bowl.

2. Mix thoroughly with a spoon.

3. Dip cotton swabs into the mixture and then write or draw something on your paper.

4. Allow to dry until completely disappear out of sight.

5. When you want your writing to become visible closer to the flame of a candle.

177

What Happened?

If you apply lemon juice diluted in water to a paper, you cannot see it when it dries

but if you heat it, it turns brown and can be seen again. Because lemon juice is an organic substance which, when heated to oxidize and turn brown. Orange juice, honey, milk, onion juice and vinegar reacts in the same way.

178

How Do I Watch?

Scan the QR code to watch the video.

179

SCREWDRIVER WITH MAGNET

This experiment was presented by Ayşe Ebrar

Responsible Teacher Derya Kocakavak

Adalet Secondary School

Merkezefendi/Denizli

180

Age Group: 9-13 ages

Difficulty Level: Medium

181

Experiment Objective

A magnetic material gains magnetism when a conductive wire is wound on it and current is passed. • When the electromagnet is brought close to the permanent magnet while it is in operation, pushing and pulling occurs between them. This shows that the electromagnet behaves completely like a natural magnet when it is active. • When the current is cut off, the magnetism feature of the electromagnet becomes disappears.

182

What Do We Need?

Battery

Screwdriver

Band

Cable

Iron nails

183

What-How Do We Do?

1. Wrap the cable several times around a screwdriver.

2. 2 cm from each end of the cable ends and the battery terminals touch the bare strip a short time.

3. Disconnect the cable from the battery and the magnet closer to check if your screwdriver won the feature nail.

184

What Happened?

Screws, nails, screwdriver substances such as adheres to. Because it surrounds the cable that electrically from the battery voltage is loaded. In this way, it becomes the property of our magnet the screwdriver.

185

How Do I Watch?

Scan the QR code to watch the video.

186

SOUND ABSORPTION

This experiment was presented by Ömer Yağız

Responsible Teacher Derya Kocakavak

Adalet Secondary School

Merkezefendi/Denizli

187

Age Group: 9-13 ages

Difficulty Level: Medium

188

Experiment Objective

Some of the sound waves that interact with the matter are transmitted, some are reflected and some are absorbed. Absorption of sound by the obstacle it encounters is also called absorption. Some materials absorb sound more than other materials, so they are used for sound insulation in places where we want to prevent noise confusion.

189

What Do We Need?

2 plastic cups

Cotton

Adhesive

Whistle or speaker

190

What-How Do We Do?

1. The interior floor length of the adhesive with the help of one of the glasses with cotton cover. Make sure there is space.

2. The first whistle blow gently into the empty glass.

3. Then the base of the whistle cotton-covered blow gently into glass.

4. Compare the sound of both cups. The sound was different? How?

191

What Happened?

Sound waves in different environments takes a different path. For this reason, the sounds of the glasses will be different from each other. The sound waves are reflected back to the floor and crashed into the empty glass. However, sound waves into the soles with cotton lined cups, the inside of the air gets trapped inside a quantity of the cotton pieces. In other words, sound is sogrul. The sound insulation of this kind. Everything that is blocking the flow of sound waves can be used as a tool for isolation. Sound may vary according to the amount of insulation material.

192

How Do I Watch?

Scan the QR code to watch the video.

193

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"OUR BOOK OF SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS"

Science is Everywhere, Derya Kocakavak, Esra YENİCELİ, FENWOMEN TV, Günay Rüstəmova, Gizem Akcaöz, Mehmet Hürdoğan KOÇ, Murat TAŞ, Projeci Fenci, Seçil Gürbıyık, TUĞBA AK

193 pages

Privacy level: FAMILY

115 reads

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