My periodic table book

By Anika Numburi

continents -->

what do elements in the same family have in common? = pg 4 

 the role of a proton = pg 5 

metals,non-metals and metalloids = pg 6

the role of valence electrons = pg 7         

families = pg 9

                                Alkaline Earth Metals = pg 10                                  

Alkali metals = pg 12

 Transition Metals = pg 14

 Boron Family =  pg 16 

Nitrogen Family = pg 18 

 Carbon Family = pg 20

Oxygen Family = pg 22 

 Halogens  = pg 24

Noble Gasses = pg 26

What do elements in the same family have in common? What do elements in the same period have in common?

 the elements in the same family have the same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties. the elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells.

what is the of the role of a proton in an element and how does  this role dictates where the element is placed in the periodic table.

protons role determines =     the number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines which chemical element it is.

Elements are placed in order by their atomic number on the periodic table. the atomic number is also equal to the number of protons that the element has 

metals , non metals and metaloids 

metals are substances that have more or less of a shiny appearance and are good conductors of electricity and heat

eg:(gold, tin, copper, or bronze) 

nonmetals are chemical elements that lack the characteristics of a metal.

eg:( carbon, boron,  or nitrogen)

metalloids are a mixture of metals and nonmetals 

eg:(arsenic, antimony, or tin)

the role of valence electrons in the periodic table and how it relates to reactivity.

Electrons are involved in the chemical bonding and reactions of the atom.the number of valence electrons is equal to the group number of the atom

The number of valence electrons in atoms may cause them to be unreactive or highly reactive

lets  move on to the families 

Family Names

families

Alkaline Earth Metals

chemical properties

Physical properties

they are highly metallic and good conductors of electricity 

Elements in Alkaline Earth Metals: beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca)

Alkaline Earth Metals are found in group 2 on the periodic table 

Common uses: magnesium is found in water and is essential for our body's ability to function 

Alkali metals 

Chemical properties

they have high thermal and electrical conductivity, and high reactivity, they are luster, ductile and malleable 

Physical properties

they have silver like luster appearance, are very soft, and can be cut by a kitchen knife

Elements in alkali metals: hydrogen (H), lithium (Li), sodium (Na)

Alkali metals are found in group 1 on the periodic table

Common uses: potassium is abundant in bananas which is crucial in the human body because it serves as an electrolyte

 Transition Metals

Chemical properties

they are stereotypical metals .they are malleable, ductile, and lustrous metals we see everywhere

Physical properties

Elements in transition metals:Scandium(Sc) gold(Au), and silver(Ag)

Transition Metals are found in groups on the periodic table

Common uses: it is used in the construction and manufacturing industries.

 Boron Family

Chemical properties

they have 3 valence electrons 

Physical properties

Elements in the Boron Family:boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga)

the Boron Family is found in group 3 on the periodic table

Common uses:it is in  pain relievers,eye drops,mild antiseptics and washing powders