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Acids and Bases,

 and 

Chemical Reaction 

and 

how they work!

Vocabulary words you need to   know:

Acid-have a pH below 7.0, a sour taste, releases 

hydroxyl ions in water, and turn litmus paper red.

Base-have a pH above 7.0,a bitter taste, produce OH- 

ions in aqueous solutions, and turn litmus paper blue.

pH Scale-is a measure of how acidic or basic a substance is.

We need to test these 7 solutions to see if they are an 

acid or base.

We need litmus paper to test each solution. 

Blue Litmus Paper

Solution            Acid                   Base                        Neither

  #1                                                                                  X        

  #2                         X        

  #3                     X

  #4                                                                              X

  #5                                                                                X    

  #6                                                  X    

  #7                                                X

Red Litmus Paper

Solution             Acid                     Base                           Neither

  #1                           X        

  #2                                                                                      X        

  #3                                                  X

  #4                                                                                  X

  #5                                                     X    

  #6                                                                                     X    

  #7                        X

First, we need to learn about chemical reaction 

Chemical reaction is when a substance (or a few substances) 

change into another substance.

The 4 Types of Chemical Reaction

Synthesis:

Element + Element --->  Compound

8 Fe + S8 ---> 8 FeS

Decomposition:

Compound ---> Element + Element 

2 H2O ---> 2 H2 + O2 

Single Replacement:

 Element +Compound   ---> Element + 

Compound 

Mg + 2 H2O ---> Mg(OH)2 + H2 

Double Replacement:

Old compound + Old compound  ---> 

New compound + New compound

Pb(NO3)2 + 2 KI ---> PbI2 + 2 KNO3 

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