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Pakistan is divided into five major geographic areas: the 

northern highlands; the Indus River plain, the Desert areas, 

the Potwar and Balochistan Plateau and Salt Range, and 

theSistan Basin. The country may conveniently be visualized 

in general terms as divided in three by an imaginary line 

drawn eastward from the Khyber Pass and another drawn 

southwest from Islamabad down the middle of the country. 

Roughly, then, the northern highlands are north of the 

imaginary east-west line; the Balochistan Plateau is to the 

west of the imaginary southwest line; and the Indus Plain lies 

to the east of that line.

Pakistan can be divided into six main areas of natural topography.

1. The northern mountains and the mountains of western North

2. Western Mountains

3. On a hill in Baluchistan

4. Potwar Plateau and Salt Range

5. Indus River plain

6. Desert areas

The northern mountains and the mountains of western North

In the north, northeast and north-west of Pakistan there lie three ranges of 

mountains. Between these ranges of the Himalayas are the great people of 

central and South Asia consider to be the roof of the world.

Himalayas stretching continuously for about 2500km from east to west. It is 

bounded to them in the north-west of the Hindu Kush mountain range to and 

from the north by the Karakoram. This consists of three mountain ranges, 

namely: Karakoram, Himalayas and Hindu Kush. The clash between these 

ranges of the three major geology makes for an interesting and very complex 

in northern Pakistan.

The customs, culture and traditions of the people of a country are 

representative of the history, faith, language and environment of that 

country. Likewise, the cultural patterns of Pakistan speak of our rich 

cultural heritage and traditions. The culture of Pakistan seeks its 

influence from the cultures of India, Central Asia and the Middle East. 

Pakistani culture varies widely from Punjab and Sindh to Baluchistan 

and Khyber.

Islam has played a pivotal role in shaping cultural life and has 

provided a pattern for molding lives according to the prescribed ways. 

Though, the majority of people of Pakistan are followers of Islam and 

Islamic traditions yet at the same time some local and foreign 

customs and traditions found a way in our daily lives and have now 

become a part of Pakistani culture.

Following are some of the main festivals celebrated in Pakistan and the customs that are embedded 

with these festivals.

Religious Festivals and Customs

Muslim religious festivals are celebrated according to Islamic Calendar (Lunar Calendar) and may occur 

some 10 days earlier each successive solar year. Following are some of the main religious festivals 

celebrated in Pakistan:

Shab-e-Barat

Shab-e-Qadar

Shab-e-Miraj

Eid-ul-Fitr

Eid-ul-Adha

Milad-un-Nabi

Youm-e-Ashura

Ramadan

Birth Rites

Funeral Rites

National Festivals of Pakistan

Some national events are also observed and celebrated around the country on various days of 

national importance such as:

Independence Day

Pakistan Day

Defence Day

Air Force Day

Iqbal Day

Quaid-e-Azam Day

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