Washington was the first president of the United States. He chose certain people for his cabinet;

Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of Treasury.

Thomas Jefferson as State.

Henry Knox as Secretary of War.

And finally, Edmund Randolph as Attorney General.

8.1

$52 million in debt to bonds

Spectators take advantage

State debts and federal debts

Hamilton.. federal will pay all debts.. states and federal.

Southern states agree with the placement of the new capital in the South.

National bank, Constitutional or not?

High Tariff, South says no.

Whiskey Rebellion established government right to tax and insures domestic tranquility.

Hamilton's financial plans stir up issues.

Framers and Washington did not expect political parties.

Factions (political group.)

All leaders disliked factions.

8.2

Republicans took name from Democratic Republican Societies.

Federalist took name from constitution developers.

Republicans argued that the federal government was too strong.

Jefferson lead Republicans.

Hamilton led Federalist.

Federalist favored national bank and national tariff,

A Struggle Over Lands:

Native Americans in the Northwest Territory wanted to keep their lands. During the 1780s, they attacked many American settlements.

A Series of Battles:

In 1790, Washington sent a small force to end the Native American attacks on settlers. Warriors led by Little Turtle of the Miami Nation and Blue Jacket of the Shawnees defeated the soliders.

French Revolution began in 1789. Most Americans started out favoring the French revolutionaries. Soon after, it became more controversial. This peaked, and then started the Reign of Terror. The French revolutionaries executed about 17,000 people, including the king and queen.

By early 1793 France and Britain were at war. George Washington said the US would remain neutral. Both countries feared that it would benefit the other more, and just stopped American ships and seized their cargoes.

8.3

The British made matters worse by the impressment (seizing the sailors and forcing them to serve in the British army) of sailors on American ships. Washington sent John Jay to London to try and solve this problem. He came back with a treaty in 1795. The US agreed to pay debts long owed to British merchants, while Britain agreed to pay for the ships it seized. It also agreed to withdraw it's troops from the Northwest Territory and stop aiding Native Americans there. However, the British refused to recognize a U.S right to trade with France. They also refused to cease impressment of U.S sailors. The Jay Treaty angered Republicans because they claimed the U.S had given a lot away with nothing in return, but Federalist liked it because it kept the peace.

The Jay Treaty only increased tensions with France. They see it as the American's taking sides with Britain. France reacted by snubbing a U.S diplomat. The French continued to attack American merchant ships.

8.4

The XYZ affair: Agents of the French government demanded that the United States pay a bribe of $250,000. The Americans didn't want to pay. The bribe became a sensation when it went public. Because no one found out what the agents names were, they were called X, Y, and Z